Opanga makina obowola zitsime zamadzi opangidwa ndi ma pneumatic amakuuzani momwe mungathanirane ndi dothi losiyanasiyana lomwe limakumana ndi makina obowola zitsime zamadzi.

Monga opanga makina obowola zitsime zamadzi opangidwa ndi mpweya, tikumvetsa kuti makina obowola zitsime zamadzi opangidwa ndi mpweya ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana akamakumana ndi zigawo zosiyanasiyana za geological mu ndondomeko yobowola kuti apeze zotsatira zabwino. Zigawo zosiyanasiyana za geological ziyeneranso kukumana nazo, monga quicksand layer ndi gypsum layer. Mukangolowa mu gypsum panthawi yobowola makina obowola zitsime zamadzi opangidwa ndi mpweya, ma calcium ions amatha kuchotsedwa pochotsa soda ash, kuchotsa calcium ndi kuchepetsa kukhuthala. Pakadali pano, mankhwala ochepetsa kukhuthala omwe ali ndi mphamvu yamphamvu ya calcium angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwongolera kuchepetsa kukhuthala ndikubwezera kusowa kwa mankhwala ochepetsa kutayika kwa fyuluta, mankhwala oletsa kugwa ndi zinthu zina.

I. Gypsum layer

Musanaboole gawo la gypsum, madzi obowola a chipangizocho amakonzedwa kale kuti achepetse gawo lolimba komanso kukhuthala, ndipo mankhwala oletsa gypsum amagwiritsidwa ntchito (monga soda ash, calcium remover, viscosity reducer, ndi zina zotero). Ndipo malinga ndi zipangizo zomangira zitsime zapafupi, mankhwala ochiritsira gypsum amakonzedwa pasadakhale. Sinthani pH ya madzi obowola a chipangizocho, kenako sinthani mphamvu ya makina ang'onoang'ono obowola zitsime zamadzi kuti asaipitsidwe ndi gypsum.

Chachiwiri, wosanjikiza wa mchenga wofulumira

Pobowola mumchenga wothira madzi, ndikofunikira kukonza kukhuthala kwa madzi obowola ndi kuchuluka kwa bentonite mumchenga wothira madzi obowola madzi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimafunika kukhala pamwamba pa 10%. Pofuna kukonza bwino ntchito yobowola madzi obowola madzi obowola madzi othira madzi, kuwonongeka kwa wosanjikiza wa mchenga wothira madzi kumachepa pambuyo pochepetsa kusuntha kwa polojekitiyo moyenera. Musanayambe kubowola, gawolo liyenera kutsekedwa ndi matope okhuthala okhala ndi kukhuthala kopitilira 80 kuti zitsimikizire kuti kubowola, kudula mitengo yamagetsi ndi kuyika makina obowola ang'onoang'ono othira madzi othira madzi kumayamba bwino komanso kuyimitsa.

III. Mwala wa mchenga wa quartz

Ngati miyala ya mchenga ndi yolimba kwambiri, nthawi zambiri pobowola zinthu zimawoneka kuti zikuyenda pang'onopang'ono. Pakhoza kukhala mchenga wa mamita awiri pobowola mita imodzi, zida zobowola zikudumphadumpha mwamphamvu, kudula kwa matope ambiri ndi zolakwika zobowola. Choncho kumvetsetsa bwino malo ndikofunikira.

Madzi oyera alibe mafuta ofanana ndi matope, ndipo zida zobowolera m'miyala yolimba zimadumphadumpha kwambiri kotero kuti mwala umasweka pamene zida zobowolera zikudumpha; madzi oyera ali ndi mphamvu yayikulu yosankhira, ndipo madzi otsukira sangatulutse zidutswa zazikulu za miyala m'dzenjemo. Zidutswa za miyala ngati mchenga zimapitirira kuyandama ndikumira m'dzenjemo. Ngati chubu chochotsera ufa chikugwiritsidwa ntchito, mchenga wa mita imodzi kapena ziwiri ukhoza kubowoledwa. Kusasamala pang'ono kungayike chobowolera, ndipo mchenga wambiri ungayambitse mavuto ambiri pakuchotsa dzenjelo.

Mwala wa mchenga panthawi yogwiritsa ntchito umapangidwa ndi kuikidwa ndipo ndi mwala wolimba kwambiri. Chingwe chaching'ono chobowolera madzi chomwe chimalowa mu dzenjelo chimakhala chosaya kwambiri (303354200 m), kotero kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kubowola madzi oyeretsedwa ndi diamondi, matope odziyimira pawokha, nthawi zambiri kumaonekera pang'onopang'ono pobowola, mita imodzi yobowolera imatha kuwonetsa mchenga wa mamita awiri, chida chobowolera chikudumpha kwambiri, slag, miyala yodulidwa kwambiri, kulephera kubowola kubisika ndi zina zotero.

Yankho: Ngati kuboola ndi matope sikotsika mtengo, mutha kuchepetsa kupezeka kwa mchenga podula kuchuluka kwa zida zoboola zitsime zamadzi zomwe zimadumphadumpha, mutha kuwonjezera nitro acid ndi zowonjezera za alkali m'madzi kuti zigwire ntchito yochepetsa kugwedezeka kwa mafuta, kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa zida zoboola ndi mchenga, kenako tsatirani kuyeretsa mabowo oboola zitsime zoboola zitsime zamadzi, ndikumaliza kuthetsa vutoli!