Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa malowedwe opangira mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa, chitukuko cha kusungirako mphamvu kwa nthawi yayitali chakhala chizoloŵezi, ndipo njira zamakono zosungiramo mphamvu zazikulu za nthawi yayitali zimaphatikizapo kusungirako kupopera, kusungirako kutentha kwa mchere wosungunuka, kusungirako madzi panopa. , kusungirako mpweya woponderezedwa, ndi kusunga haidrojeni m'magulu asanu. Panthawiyi, ntchito yosungiramo kupopera ndiyo yokhwima kwambiri, koma ubwino wosungirako mphamvu ya mpweya ndi yaikulu, yokwera mtengo, yotsika mtengo, kuteteza chilengedwe komanso kuyeretsa, ndipo imatha kuchotsa zoletsa zamadera, ikuyembekezeka kukhala chowonjezera. ku malo opopera.
Kusungidwa kwamphamvu kwa mpweya woponderezedwa ndi kwa nthawi yayitali yosungiramo mphamvu, kumatha kuzindikirika kwa nthawi yayitali kuposa maola 4 kapena masiku, miyezi yolipiritsa ndi kutulutsa kayendedwe ka kayendedwe ka mphamvu, pakuwongolera kusinthasintha kwamphamvu m'badwo watsopano wamagetsi. zabwino kwambiri.
Malinga ndi Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of engineering thermophysics energy storage research and development center director XuYuJie introduction, m'tsogolomu, dziko lathu lamphamvu ndi mtundu watsopano wa mphamvu zatsopano monga dongosolo lalikulu lamphamvu, ndi mphamvu ya mphepo, mphamvu ya photovoltaic zina zongowonjezwdwa mphamvu zopangira mphamvu ndi kusinthasintha ndi pakanthawi, ngati mwayi waukulu wopita ku gridi yamagetsi, zingayambitse ngozi zachitetezo. Panthawiyi, kufunikira kwa dongosolo losungiramo mphamvu monga njira yosinthira yoyendetsera kayendetsedwe ka mphamvu. Kusungirako mphamvu ya mpweya woponderezedwa ndikofunikira kwambiri.
"Wothinikizidwa mpweya mphamvu yosungirako luso si latsopano, chikhalidwe wothinikizidwa mpweya mphamvu yosungirako luso wakhala ntchito ku Germany, United States kwa zaka zambiri, koma chikhalidwe wothinikizidwa mpweya mphamvu yosungirako zimadalira mafuta mafuta, kufunika kwa mapanga lalikulu zachilengedwe, Kusungirako mphamvu zamagetsi kumakhala kochepa komanso zovuta zina, kukwezedwa kwakukulu kumakhala kochepa nthawi zonse. " Xu Yujie adanena kuti njira yosungiramo mphamvu ya mpweya ya China yapamwamba imabwezeretsa kutentha kopanikizika, sikugwiritsanso ntchito mafuta oyaka, ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana monga zipangizo zosungiramo pansi, zipinda zopangira komanso mapanga achilengedwe apansi panthaka kuti amange zipinda zosungiramo zinthu. Kuphatikiza apo, dongosololi limathandizira kwambiri kusungirako mphamvu zamagetsi.
Pakadali pano, pogwiritsa ntchito luso laukadaulo la 100 MW lapamwamba losungirako mphamvu zamagetsi, China yamanga malo oyamba padziko lonse lapansi a 100 MW apamwamba ophatikizika osungira mphamvu zamagetsi, ndikulumikizidwa bwino ndi grid kuti apange magetsi. Malo opangira magetsi ali m'chigawo cha Zhangbei, m'chigawo cha Hebei, ndi dziko lapansi lomwe lamangidwa ndikuyendetsedwa mu polojekitiyi, ntchito yayikulu kwambiri komanso yabwino kwambiri yopangira magetsi opangira magetsi. Ikhoza kupanga magetsi okwana 132 miliyoni kWh pachaka, kupereka chitetezo champhamvu kwambiri kwa ogwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi 50,000. Nthawi yomweyo, imatha kupulumutsa matani 42,000 a malasha wamba ndikuchepetsa matani 109,000 a mpweya woipa wa carbon dioxide pachaka.
Kodi ubwino wosungira mphamvu ya gasi ndi chiyani kuposa mitundu ina yatsopano yosungirako mphamvu? Ponseponse, zitha kufotokozedwa mwachidule ngati moyo wotetezeka, wautali komanso mphamvu zophulika zamphamvu. Choyamba, kusungirako mphamvu kwa gasi ndikotetezeka kwambiri. Tengani liquefied carbon dioxide mphamvu yosungirako ntchito monga chitsanzo, chifukwa carbon dioxide liquefaction n'zosavuta kwambiri, kotero kusungirako amangofunika ochepa megapascals kuthamanga, musade nkhawa mkulu kuthamanga kusungirako mpweya wobweretsedwa ndi ngozi zobisika. , panthawi imodzimodziyo mpweya wa carbon dioxide ndi wopanda poizoni, wosayaka komanso wophulika, chitetezo chokha ndi chabwino kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa ndi zida zonse zamakina, moyo wamakina osungira mphamvu zamagetsi amatha kufikira zaka 30-50 pokonzekera bwino. "Kusungirako mphamvu ya mpweya woponderezedwa ndi njira yakuthupi yotengera njinga yamoto, yomwe ili ndi ubwino wachilengedwe pokhudzana ndi chitetezo ndi kuwonongeka kwa ntchito, ndipo imatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa njira zamakono zosungirako mphamvu zazikulu." Kutengera zabwinozi, Chen Haisheng, wofufuza ku Institute of Engineering Thermophysics ya Chinese Academy of Sciences, wanena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wosungira mphamvu zamagetsi ndikofunika kwambiri komanso kufunikira kwakukulu kwa msika kuti kukwaniritsidwe kwa mayiko awiriwa. -Zolinga zanzeru za carbon ndi kukonza chilengedwe.
Ndikoyenera kutchulapo kuti kuphulika kwamphamvu kosungirako mphamvu ya mpweya kumakhala kolimba. Izi zitha kugwira ntchito mwachindunji muzinthu zina zapadera. Pankhani ya injini za dizilo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'sitima zazikulu, mwachitsanzo, mpweya woponderezedwa nthawi zambiri umasungidwa mu thanki yoponderezedwa ndipo umachita mwachindunji pa pisitoni kudzera mu valve yapadera yoyambira kuti mutembenuzire crankshaft musanayambe jekeseni wamafuta. Dongosololi ndi locheperako komanso lotsika mtengo kuposa injini yamagetsi yoyambira yofanana, ndipo imatha kuphulika mwamphamvu kwambiri popanda kuyika katundu wambiri pa jenereta ya sitimayo ndi makina ogawa.
Kwa makina osungira mphamvu zamagetsi, China ikulimbikitsanso ziwonetsero zazikulu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito, kusonkhanitsa luso la zomangamanga ndi zomangamanga, ndikupanga mafakitale okhwima ndi okhwima kuti apititse patsogolo ntchito yomanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-14-2023
